Citing Multiple Works

When citing multiple works parenthetically, place the citations in alphabetical order, separating them with semicolons.

(Adams et al., 2019; Shumway & Shulman, 2015; Westinghouse, 2017)

Arrange two or more works by the same authors by year of publication.

• Place citations with no date first.
• Then, order works with dates in chronological order.
• Place in-press citations last.

Give the authors’ surnames once; for each subsequent work, give only the date.

(Department of Veterans Affairs, n.d., 2017a, 2017b, 2019)

Zhou (n.d., 2000, 2016, in press)

To highlight the work(s) most directly relevant to your point in a given sentence, place those citations first within parentheses in alphabetical order and then insert a semicolon and a phrase, such as “see also,” before the first of the remaining citations, which should also be in alphabetical order. This strategy allows authors to emphasize, for example, the most recent or most important research on a topic, which would not be reflected by alphabetical order alone.

(Sampson & Hughes, 2020; see also Augustine, 2017; Melara et al., 2018; Pérez, 2014)

If multiple sources are cited within the narrative of a sentence, they can appear in any order.

Suliman (2018), Gutiérrez (2012, 2017), and Medina and Reyes (2019) examined . . .