Film and Television References
1. Film or movie
Fleming, V. (Director). (1939). Gone with the wind [Film]. Selznick International Pictures; Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
- Parenthetical citation: (Fleming, 1939)
- Narrative citation: Fleming (1939)
- Provide the director in the author element of the reference, followed by the notation “(Director).”
- Provide the production company or companies in the source element of the reference. Separate multiple production companies with a semicolon.
2. Film or movie, in another language
Alfredson, T. (Director). (2008). Låt den rätte komma in [Let the right one in] [Film]. Magnolia.
- Parenthetical citation: (Alfredson, 2008)
- Narrative citation: Alfredson (2008)
- As in all references, if the original title of the work is a language different from that of the paper you are writing, provide a translation of the title in square brackets after the title and before the bracketed description and period.
3. TV series
Serling, R. (Executive Producer). (1959–1964). The twilight zone [TV series]. Cayuga Productions; CBS Productions.
- Parenthetical citation: (Serling, 1959–1964)
- Narrative citation: Serling (1959–1964)
- Provide the executive producer(s) in the author element of the reference.
- When there is one executive producer, use the notation “(Executive Producer).” When there are multiple executive producers, provide the notation once after all the producers’ names, the same as you would the notation “(Eds.)” for an edited book: “(Executive Producers).”
- Provide the year(s) during which the series aired in the date element of the reference.
- If the series is still airing at the time you are writing the paper, replace the second year with “present”: (2017–present).
- Provide the production company or companies in the source element of the reference. Separate multiple production companies with a semicolon.
4. Episode of a TV show
Favreau, J. (Writer), & Filoni, D. (Director). (2019, November 12). Chapter 1 (Season 1, Episode 1) [TV series episode]. In J. Favreau, D. Filoni, K. Kennedy, & C. Wilson (Executive Producers), The Mandalorian. Lucasfilm; Golem Creations.
Sherman-Palladino, A. (Writer & Director). (2018, December 5). All alone (Season 2, Episode 10) [TV series episode]. In A. Sherman-Palladino, D. Palladino, D. Gilbert, M. Shapiro, S. Carino, & S. Lawrence (Executive Producers), The marvelous Mrs. Maisel. Dorothy Parker Drank Here Productions; Picrow; Amazon Studios.
- Parenthetical citations: (Favreau & Filoni, 2019; Sherman-Palladino, 2018)
- Narrative citations: Favreau and Filoni (2019) and Sherman-Palladino (2018)
- Include the writers and directors for the episode. Include the contributor’s role in parentheses after each name.
- If one person performed multiple roles, combine the descriptions with an ampersand.
- Provide the season number and episode number after the title in parentheses.
- Provide the production company or companies in the source element of the reference. Separate multiple production companies with a semicolon.
Film and television references are covered in Section 10.12 of the APA Publication Manual, Seventh Edition
This guidance has been revised from the 6th edition.